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The Figure of the Scholar in Friedrich Nietzsche's Philosophy
Svoboda, Lukáš ; Chavalka, Jakub (advisor) ; Novák, Aleš (referee)
Tento text se zabývá zkoumáním postavy učence ve filosofii Friedricha Nietzscheho. Hlavním cílem je analyzovat, jak Nietzsche chápe učence, jejich roli ve společnosti a jejich vztah k vědě a pravdě. Práce zkoumá Nietzscheho kritiku vědy a logiky jako nástrojů moci a sociálních struktur a jak tato perspektiva ovlivňuje jeho celkový pohled na vědecké poznání a objektivitu. Podrobně se věnuje Nietzscheho rozlišení mezi "vůlí k pravdě" a "vůlí k nepravdě" a jejich propojením v kontextu jeho filosofie. Dále prác Nietzscheho pohled na učence, jejich omezení a vliv na kulturní a intelektuální prostředí, a porovnává tuto figuru s ideálem "génia" nebo "svobodného ducha". Součástí práce je rovněž diskuse o historismu a vědecké objektivitě v Nietzscheho filosofii. Na základě důkladného zkoumání Nietzscheho textů a související sekundární literatury práce poskytuje komplexní pohled na Nietzscheho kritiku a přístup k těmto klíčovým filosofickým tématům.
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Anticipation sources and interaction during the softball batting
Joska, Marek ; Pravečková, Petra (advisor) ; Carboch, Jan (referee)
Title: Anticipation sources and interaction during the softball hitting. Objectives: The objectives of this diploma thesis are to explore what kinds of anticipatory resources elite softball players perceive and which ones they take into consideration when hitting against a pitcher. Methods: The data used in this diploma thesis were obtain by qualitative type of research specifically a case study. The sources of information for this case study are personal interviews between me and group of eight elite Czech softball players. The interviews had eight open questions and take from 25 to 40 minutes. The interviews were analysed with aim to gain some new knowledge that could be apply to similar cases. All of eight requested players are members of the Czech national team or Czech national team under 23. They are active players in age 25,5 3,5 years. This information is valid as of 2021. Results: In this diploma thesis were selected and described anticipation information sources, that provide a valuable information leading to anticipation of further pitch. The players were considering which anticipatory source is the most important for them. In addition to the sources of anticipation, contextual information sources that affect the batsman's tactics in the box and his reasoning were also described during...
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Motif of dream and dreaming in Art Education Project at Primary School
ČERNÁ, Daniela
This diploma thesis Dream and dreaming in Art Education at Primary school is dedicated to common states of consciosness and their usage in art activities with pupils at Primary school. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and project part. The teoretical part is dealing with a dream from the point of the view of psychology. By using professional sources we will try to explain meaning of our dreams and origins of this specific state of consciousness. We will introduce how the well-known psychologist worked with dreams and dreaming and how they tried to express that. We will define the different types of dreams we could encounter. The second chapter is dedicated to the dreams in the art. It deals with artwork of selected painters from the Czech Republic and foreign countries, who were inspired by dreams and dreaming and they decided to use this theme in their artwork. The next part is developing didactic view on the problematic of working with the given topic and ilustrate the direction and ways of working with the theme of dreams in the Art Education at Primary school. The project part intorduces six lessons of the art series "Dreams and dreaming", which reflect the work with different themes related to the dreams and dreamimg in art education.
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The Naturalization of Consciousness and the Meaning of Subjectivity
Toráčová, Pavla ; Moural, Josef (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee) ; Marvan, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the problem of the existence of consciousness in the physical world. It denies the approach that is prevailing in the contemporary philosophy of mind that treats the phenomenal consciousness and intentionality separately. The position held in this thesis is to claim that the phenomenal character of consciousness and intentionality are inseparable and that it is impossible to understand the former without understanding the latter, and vice versa. The problem of the existence of consciousness in the physical world is viewed as the problem of the existence of (conscious) intentionality in the physical world. With the aim to achieve an analysis of intentionality that would keep its phenomenal character and the first person point of view, and, at the same time, shed light on its realization in the physical world, thoughts of Peter Strawson, G. E. M. Anscombe, Tim Crane, Colin McGinn and John Searle are discussed. The result is an outline of intentionality that allows to explain the fundamental level of intentionality as a physical process and the higher levels of intentionality as a development of the fundamental level. Two principles are crucial for this approach: the development of intentionality from the fundamental level to the higher level is comprehensible only if we keep the...
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Subjective feelings of participants after the Feldenkrais method course - Awareness through Movement
Šlégl, Adam ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
Background Movement is one of the basic aspects of life, connected with perception, thinking and feeling. If we influence the movement, we influence also the other factors of ourselves. The quality and the range of the movement corresponds to the rate of an awareness, what we are doing, and improvement of body perception can be very important for the elimination of undesirable elements in psychological and physical sphere of living. Objectives The aim of this research was to get the subjective feelings from each proband, who get involved the course of Feldenkrais method, and with the quality research sample evaluate the effect of the method to psychical a physical system. Methods The study provided 99 filled pre-tests and post-tests. Pre-tests showed the basic anamnesis data and the post-tests showed evaluation of prodands feelings after ATM intervention - Awareness Through Movement. The result were the reviews of probands by answering the questions, with Lickert scale. Results Results showed mostly positive response to the intervention. Regarding the physical aspects, most of the probands experienced and increase in range of motion. On the issue of the decrease of pain perception, the probands answered inconsistently. Probands mostly agreed with better psychological feelings. Another important aspect of...
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The Solution to the Mind-Body Problem in Searle's Philosophy of Mind
Popelář, Jan ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee)
This paper studies the mind-body problem in Searle's philosophy of mind. It thoroughly evaluates his criticism of the philosophical tradition and the scientifc methodology. As he argues, the former has been misleading us with its dualistic distinctions and the latter has been pushing us into various forms of reductionism. Most importantly, though, it examines his proposed solution to the mind-body problem, his defnition of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and in addition, his famous "Chinese room" argument disputing claims of strong AI proponents. Although this paper does deal with many of the problems his claims and theories inherently contain, it is primarily meant to outline Searle's view on consciousness and its implications in the context of the mind-body problem tradition, rather than to be an extensive elaboration of his one specifc thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The effect of psychedelics on sleep
Šachová, Pavla ; Kopřivová, Jana (advisor) ; Spišská, Veronika (referee)
Recently, psychedelic drugs gain attention thanks to their potential to cure depressive disorders, anxious states or addiction. They are not causing addiction, they are not toxic and they trigger neuroplastic changes in tens of minutes or hours, which are essential for therapeutic purposes and positively correlates with an onset of antidepressant effect. Neuroplastic changes are simultaneously the connecting link between psychedelic state and sleep. In sleep the higher rate of neuroplasticity is markable during slow-wave sleep (SWS), which duration is getting shorter in patients with mental illness. The marker o neuroplasticity is slow-wave activity (SWA), which is getting higher not only in SWS, but also after intoxication with psychedelics or after long-time using of antidepressants. So the effect of psychedelics on sleep can be described as positive and inciting its therapeutical potential. The thesis is focused on ketamine which is the most recent one as for the topic of neuroplasticity and sleep.
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Functions of Consciousness in Psychoanalysis and Analytical Psychology
Malimánek, Karel ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
Analysis of the most important functions of consciousness, considering its relations with unconsciousness in psychoanalysis and analytical psychology, is the goal of this thesis. The sources of the thesis are the tophographic and structural models of Sigmund Freud. These models enable analysing the functions of consciousness in the context of psyche structure from the psychoanalytical and psychodynamic point of view. Afterwards the thesis focuses on the extension and the functional autonomy of Ego within the structural subject theory known from authors like A. Freud, Hartmann, Brunner and others. These are the concepts of adaptation and Ego defensive functions especially. Carl Gustav Jung and his concept of the fully antonomous Ego is presented in the end of the theoretical part. The research project, that si being proposed in the very end of this thesis, deals with one of the Ego defense mechanisms - the repression. Keywords psychoanalysis, consciousness, ego, adaptation, defense mechanisms
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